Understanding SGPT (Serum Glutamic Pyruvic Transaminase)
SGPT, which stands for Serum Glutamic Pyruvic Transaminase, is a vital enzyme in the human body often referred to as ALT (alanine aminotransferase). This enzyme is prevalent not only in the bloodstream but also in various body tissues, with the highest concentration found in the liver. It plays a crucial role in assessing liver health, making it a significant indicator in medical diagnostics. Elevations in SGPT levels in the blood can be indicative of liver disorders, and other factors contributing to this increase include conditions like diabetes, heart attacks, obesity, and hepatitis C, among others. Certain medications can also impact SGPT levels.
A blood test measuring SGPT levels is performed to determine the quantity of GPT (Glutamate Pyruvate Transaminase) present in the blood serum.
Advantages of SGPT Testing
- Liver Health Assessment: SGPT blood tests provide valuable insights into the condition and functionality of the liver.
- Monitoring SGPT Levels: Regular SGPT testing helps track whether SGPT levels remain stable or are on the rise.
- Diagnosis of Liver-Related Conditions: SGPT tests aid in the classification of hepatic insufficiency, liver dysfunction, viral hepatitis, jaundice, and alcoholism.
- Symptom Identification: These tests are often conducted when patients exhibit symptoms such as jaundice, dark urine, nausea, vomiting, or pain in the right upper quadrant of the abdomen.
Normal SGPT Range in the Human Body
The typical range for SGPT levels in the human body falls around 7-56 units per litre of serum. However, it’s worth noting that the ideal SGPT ranges can vary slightly depending on the specific laboratory’s testing protocols.
Features of SGPT Laboratory Tests
SGPT tests generally report a broad range, typically from zero to 30 units per litre. A minimum blood sample of 5 ml is required for this type of testing. Elevated SGPT levels can be indicative of various disorders and illnesses, including acute viral hepatitis A and B, hepatitis C, celiac disease, diabetes, Epstein Barr virus, heart attacks, obesity, dermatomyositis, and inflammation of the gallbladder.
Managing SGPT Levels
To reduce SGPT levels, dietary adjustments may be necessary. Incorporating vitamin D into your diet can be effective in preventing liver damage and lowering SGPT levels. Engaging in regular physical activities like swimming, brisk walking, and jogging can also improve overall health and contribute to a healthy liver.
Risks Associated with SGPT Testing
While ALT testing is generally considered safe, there are some minor risks to be aware of, including:
- Potential scarring at the needle insertion site.
- Occasional complications such as excessive bleeding, known as hematoma, or infection at the injection site.
It’s important to consult with a healthcare professional for a thorough understanding of SGPT testing, its implications, and any associated risks.